From what I've read on spool ends weight and strands are not always indicated. Weight and # of strands can be checked at the manufacturers websites.
Head over to Superior Threads
http://www.superiorthreads.com/education/
The link is directly to their education topics that cover basically everything needed to know about thread.
In the meantime, thread weight and # of strands matter for a few reasons:
1) this will indicate the size needle appropriate to the thread or if it should be used in the bobbin only
2) this will indicate whether the thread will be more in the background (fine thread) or on top of the quilt (heavy thread)
Thread weight:
a) the lower the number the heavier the thread - the higher the number the finer the thread
b) a 60 wt/ 2 ply polyester or cotton is a fine thread and will head toward the background of a quilt
c) a 30 wt/ 3 ply cotton is quite heavy and will sit more on top of the quilt and really be the focus
d) a 50 wt/ 3 ply cotton is much heavier than a 50 wt/ 2 ply cotton as there is literally 100% more thread, it will feel heavier in your hand
Needle size:
1) The lower the number the finer the needle - the higher the number the larger the needle
2) there are often 2 numbers on needles the first is the American size; the second is the European size
3) with a fine thread use a lower number needle; with a heavier thread use a higher number needle
NOTE: needle and thread size run in opposite directions
Happy quilting!
Teri